Superlatives
Kurz erklärt
Spanish superlatives identify someone or something as having the highest or lowest degree of a quality within a group. Use a definite article with más or menos and an adjective: el más rápido, la menos ruidosa. The article and adjective match the noun in gender and number. The group is often introduced with de. The ending -ísimo/-ísima expresses a very high degree without comparing something to a group: buenísimo means ‘extremely good,’ not ‘the best.’
Bildung
el/la/los/las + (noun) + más/menos + adjective + de + group; adjective stem + -ísimo/-ísima/-ísimos/-ísimas for an absolute superlative
Verwendung
- Use más to mark the highest degree and menos to mark the lowest degree within a group.
- Use de to name the group being compared, such as de la clase or del barrio.
- Use el mejor or la mejor for ‘the best,’ el peor or la peor for ‘the worst,’ and el mayor or el menor when comparing age.
- Use -ísimo forms to intensify a quality without naming a comparison group.
Beispiele
- Lucía es la más joven de la familia. — Lucía is the youngest in the family.
- Este es el restaurante menos caro del centro. — This is the least expensive restaurant downtown.
- Para mí, esa fue la mejor parte de la película. — For me, that was the best part of the movie.
- La sopa está riquísima. — The soup is extremely tasty.
Typischer Fehler
❌ Ana es más alta de la clase.
✅ Ana es la más alta de la clase.
Unlike an ordinary comparison, a relative superlative needs the definite article before más or menos.
Merke
For a group comparison, do not forget the definite article. Forms ending in -ísimo mean ‘extremely,’ not ‘the most.’